Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Radioligand therapy in combination with CAR T cells overcomes the heterogeneous immunosuppressive prostate tumor microenvironment

doi: 10.64898/2026.07.02.736191

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Summary of PSMA and PSCA expression in prostate cancer PDX from the MURAL collection. Cx, sublines in castrated mice. ( b-c ) Representative IHC staining of PSCA ( b ) and PSMA ( c ) in selected PDX models, organized from top to bottom based on PSCA expression levels (high, low, and negative). Scale bar, 100 µm. ( d-e ) Transcriptomic expression levels of FOLH1 (PSMA) and PSCA from public datasets (HuPSA).

Article Snippet: For antigen expression, antibodies used include: APC anti-human PSMA (clone REA408/LNI-17, Miltenyi Biotec/Biolegend) and anti-human PSCA (clone 1G8, UCLA), followed by PE goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (BD Biosciences).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Radioligand therapy in combination with CAR T cells overcomes the heterogeneous immunosuppressive prostate tumor microenvironment

doi: 10.64898/2026.07.02.736191

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Schematic of tumor injection and treatment schedule in hPSCA-KI C57BL/6J mice bearing antigen-heterogeneous subcutaneous prostate tumors. s.c. subcutaneous; i.v., intravenous. RM9-PSMA-ffLuc and RM9-PSCA-ffLuc were mixed prior to tumor injection, and 1.5 × 10 6 total cells were engrafted into the left flank. On day 5 post-tumor injection, mice received Lu-177 RLT (74 MBq, i.v.), followed by Cy (100 mg/kg, i.p.) on day 8, and CAR T cells (PSCA-CAR, non-targeting TAG72-CAR control, or PSMA-CAR positive control, 1 × 10 6 , i.v.). The positive control group received 2 × 10⁶ total CAR T cells (1 × 10⁶ of each CAR). Blood samples were collected on day 9 (prior to CAR T cell infusion) and day 18 (tumor regression phase) for CBC analysis (n = 3 per group). ( b ) Individual tumor growth curves. Tumor volume was measured by caliper twice weekly until the survival endpoint (n = 9 for RLT + Cy + PSCA-CAR/TAG72-CAR; n = 6 for RLT + PSCA-CAR and Cy + PSMA-CAR + PSCA-CAR; n = 4 for PSCA-CAR, RLT + PSCA-CAR, and Cy + TAG72-CAR; and n = 3 for RLT + TAG72-CAR). ( c ) Kaplan-Meier survival curves for each treatment group. P-value is calculated using multiple comparisons with Holm-Šídák’s correction. ( d ) Body weight changes over time, normalized to baseline (day 5, prior to RLT). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ( e-h ) Hematologic analysis by CBC, including white blood cells (WBCs, e ), lymphocytes ( f ), red blood cells (RBCs, g ), and platelets (PLTs, h ) from each group (n = 3 per group). Controls include tumor-bearing untreated (UT) mice at day 9, and tumor-naïve mice at day 18. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test.

Article Snippet: For antigen expression, antibodies used include: APC anti-human PSMA (clone REA408/LNI-17, Miltenyi Biotec/Biolegend) and anti-human PSCA (clone 1G8, UCLA), followed by PE goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (BD Biosciences).

Techniques: Injection, Control, Positive Control, Comparison